IBM Earnings: IBM Posts $29.3 Billion In Revenue

IBM released its Q4 and full-year earnings report today, posting $29.3 billion in revenue (down 1%, flat adjusting for currency, up 1% excluding divested RSS business adjusting for currency) for the q...
IBM Earnings: IBM Posts $29.3 Billion In Revenue
Written by Chris Crum
  • IBM released its Q4 and full-year earnings report today, posting $29.3 billion in revenue (down 1%, flat adjusting for currency, up 1% excluding divested RSS business adjusting for currency) for the quarter, and $104.5 billion for the year (down 2%, flat adjusting for currency).

    For the quarter, the company posted diluted earnings of $5.13 per share, up 11%. For the year, it was they were $14.37, up 10%.

    Net income was $5.8 billion for the quarter, up 6% year-over-year. Operating (non-GAAP) net income was $6.1 billion, up 10% year-over-year. For the year, net income was $16.6 billion, up 5%, and operating (non-GAAP) was $17.6 billion, up 8%.

    “We achieved record profit, earnings per share and free cash flow in 2012. Our performance in the fourth quarter and for the full year was driven by our strategic growth initiatives — growth markets, analytics, cloud computing, Smarter Planet solutions — which support our continued shift to higher-value businesses,” said Ginni Rometty, IBM chairman, president and CEO.

    Here’s the release in its entirety:

    IBM (NYSE: IBM) today announced fourth-quarter 2012 diluted earnings of $5.13 per share, compared with diluted earnings of $4.62 per share in the fourth quarter of 2011, an increase of 11 percent. Operating (non-GAAP) diluted earnings were $5.39 per share, compared with operating diluted earnings of $4.71 per share in the fourth quarter of 2011, an increase of 14 percent.

    Fourth-quarter net income was $5.8 billion compared with $5.5 billion in the fourth quarter of 2011, an increase of 6 percent. Operating (non-GAAP) net income was $6.1 billion compared with $5.6 billion in the fourth quarter of 2011, an increase of 10 percent.

    Total revenues for the fourth quarter of 2012 of $29.3 billion decreased 1 percent (flat adjusting for currency) from the fourth quarter of 2011. Without the impact of the divested Retail Store Solutions (RSS) business, revenue increased 1 percent, adjusting for currency.

    “We achieved record profit, earnings per share and free cash flow in 2012. Our performance in the fourth quarter and for the full year was driven by our strategic growth initiatives — growth markets, analytics, cloud computing, Smarter Planet solutions — which support our continued shift to higher-value businesses,” said Ginni Rometty, IBM chairman, president and chief executive officer.

    ”Looking ahead, we continue to invest to deliver innovations for the enterprise in key areas such as big data, mobile solutions, social business and security, while expanding into new markets and reaching new clients. We are well on track toward our long-term roadmap for operating EPS of at least $20 in 2015.”

    Fourth-Quarter GAAP – Operating (non-GAAP) Reconciliation

    Fourth-quarter operating (non-GAAP) diluted earnings exclude $0.26 per share of net charges: $0.21 per share for the amortization of purchased intangible assets and other acquisition-related charges, and $0.05 per share for retirement-related items driven by changes to plan assets and liabilities primarily related to market performance.

    Full-Year 2013 Expectation

    IBM said that it expects to deliver full-year 2013 GAAP earnings per share of at least $15.53; and operating (non-GAAP) earnings per share of at least $16.70. The 2013 operating (non-GAAP) earnings exclude $1.17 per share of charges for amortization of purchased intangible assets, other acquisition-related charges, and retirement-related items driven by changes to plan assets and liabilities primarily related to market performance.

    Geographic Regions

    The Americas’ fourth-quarter revenues were $12.5 billion, flat (up 1 percent, adjusting for currency) from the 2011 period. Revenues from Europe/Middle East/Africa were $9.1 billion, down 5 percent (down 3 percent, adjusting for currency). Asia-Pacific revenues increased 4 percent (up 5 percent, adjusting for currency) to $7.0 billion. OEM revenues were $679 million, down 5 percent compared with the 2011 fourth quarter.

    Growth Markets

    Revenues from the company’s growth markets increased 7 percent. Revenues in the BRIC countries — Brazil, Russia, India and China — increased 11 percent (up 14 percent, adjusting for currency).

    Services

    Global Technology Services segment revenues decreased 2 percent (flat adjusting for currency) to $10.3 billion. Global Business Services segment revenues were down 3 percent (down 2 percent, adjusting for currency) at $4.7 billion.

    Pre-tax income from Global Technology Services increased 5 percent; pre-tax margin increased to 19.2 percent. Global Business Services pre-tax income was flat; pre-tax margin increased to 17.2 percent.

    The estimated services backlog at December 31 was $140 billion, flat (up $1 billion, adjusting for currency).

    Software

    Revenues from the Software segment were $7.9 billion, an increase of 3 percent (up 4 percent, adjusting for currency) from the fourth quarter of 2011. Software pre-tax income of $4.0 billion increased 8 percent year over year.

    Revenues from IBM’s key middleware products, which include WebSphere, Information Management, Tivoli, Lotus and Rational products, were $5.5 billion, an increase of 5 percent (up 6 percent, adjusting for currency) versus the fourth quarter of 2011. Operating systems revenues of $709 million were flat (up 1 percent, adjusting for currency) compared with the prior-year quarter.

    Revenues from the WebSphere family of software products increased 11 percent year over year. Information Management software revenues increased 2 percent. Revenues from Tivoli software increased 4 percent. Revenues from Lotus software increased 9 percent, and Rational software increased 12 percent.

    Hardware

    Revenues from the Systems and Technology segment totaled $5.8 billion for the quarter, down 1 percent from the fourth quarter of 2011. Excluding Retail Store Solutions (RSS), revenues were up 4 percent. Systems and Technology pre-tax income was $1.0 billion, an increase of 23 percent.

    Total systems revenues, excluding RSS, increased 4 percent. Revenues from System z mainframe server products increased 56 percent compared with the year-ago period; revenue in the growth markets increased 68 percent. Total delivery of System z computing power, as measured in MIPS (millions of instructions per second), increased 66 percent versus the prior year and represented the largest MIPS shipment quarter in the company’s history. New workload specialty engines, including Linux, represented one-half of the MIPS shipped. Revenues from Power Systems decreased 19 percent compared with the 2011 period. Revenues from System x decreased 2 percent. Revenues from System Storage decreased 5 percent. Revenues from Retail Store Solutions decreased $239 million year over year as a result of the divestiture in the third quarter. Revenues from Microelectronics OEM increased 4 percent.

    Financing

    Global Financing segment revenues were down 2 percent (down 1 percent, adjusting for currency) in the fourth quarter to $535 million. Pre-tax income for the segment increased 1 percent to $518 million.

    Gross Profit

    The company’s total gross profit margin was 51.8 percent in the 2012 fourth quarter compared with 49.9 percent in the 2011 fourth-quarter period. Total operating (non-GAAP) gross profit margin was 52.3 percent in the 2012 fourth quarter compared with 50.2 percent in the 2011 fourth-quarter period, with increases in Services, Software and Hardware.

    Expense

    Total expense and other income decreased 2 percent to $7.3 billion compared with the prior-year period. S,G&A expense of $5.9 billion decreased 3 percent year over year compared with prior-year expense. R,D&E expense of $1.6 billion increased 2 percent compared with the year-ago period. Intellectual property and custom development income decreased to $227 million compared with $253 million a year ago. Other (income) and expense was income of $47 million compared with prior-year income of $44 million. Interest expense decreased to $109 million compared with $113 million in the prior year.

    Total operating (non-GAAP) expense and other income decreased 2 percent to $7.2 billion compared with the prior-year period. Operating (non-GAAP) S,G&A expense of $5.8 billion decreased 3 percent year over year compared with prior-year expense. Operating (non-GAAP) R,D&E expense of $1.6 billion increased 1 percent compared with the year-ago period.

    ***

    Pre-tax income increased 8 percent to $7.8 billion; total operating (non-GAAP) pre-tax income increased 10 percent to $8.1 billion. Pre-tax margin was 26.7 percent, up 2.1 points; total operating (non-GAAP) pre-tax margin was 27.7 percent, up 2.6 points.

    IBM’s tax rate was 25.5 percent, up 1.0 points year over year; total operating (non-GAAP) tax rate was 24.4 percent, flat compared to the year-ago period.

    Net income margin increased 1.3 points to 19.9 percent; total operating (non-GAAP) net income margin was 20.9 percent, an increase of 1.9 points.

    The weighted-average number of diluted common shares outstanding in the fourth-quarter 2012 was 1.14 billion compared with 1.19 billion shares in the same period of 2011.

    In the quarter, IBM generated free cash flow of $9.5 billion excluding Global Financing receivables, up $0.6 billion year over year.

    Full-Year 2012 Results

    Net income for the year ended December 31, 2012 was $16.6 billion compared with $15.9 billion in the prior year, an increase of 5 percent. Operating (non-GAAP) net income was $17.6 billion compared with $16.3 billion in 2011, an increase of 8 percent.

    Diluted earnings were $14.37 per share compared with $13.06 per diluted share in 2011, an increase of 10 percent. Operating (non-GAAP) diluted earnings were $15.25 per share, compared with operating diluted earnings of $13.44 per share in 2011, an increase of 13 percent. This was the company’s 10th consecutive year of double-digit EPS growth.

    Revenues for 2012 totaled $104.5 billion, a decrease of 2 percent (flat adjusting for currency), compared with $106.9 billion in 2011.

    GAAP – Operating (non-GAAP) Reconciliation

    Operating (non-GAAP) diluted earnings for the year exclude $0.88 per share of net charges: $0.55 per share for the amortization of purchased intangible assets and other acquisition-related charges, and $0.33 per share for retirement-related items driven by changes to plan assets and liabilities primarily related to market performance.

    Geographic Regions

    From a geographic perspective, the Americas’ full-year revenues were $44.6 billion, a decrease of 1 percent (flat adjusting for currency) from the 2011 period. Revenues from Europe/Middle East/Africa were $31.8 billion, a decrease of 6 percent (down 1 percent, adjusting for currency). Asia-Pacific revenues increased 3 percent to $25.9 billion. OEM revenues were $2.2 billion, down 18 percent compared with 2011.

    Growth Markets

    Revenues from the company’s growth markets increased 4 percent (up 7 percent, adjusting for currency), and represents 24 percent of IBM’s total geographic revenue. Revenues in the BRIC countries — Brazil, Russia, India and China — increased 7 percent (up 12 percent, adjusting for currency).

    Segments

    Total Global Services revenues decreased 2 percent (flat adjusting for currency). Revenues from the Global Technology Services segment totaled $40.2 billion, a decrease of 2 percent (up 1 percent, adjusting for currency) compared with 2011. Revenues from the Global Business Services segment were $18.6 billion, down 4 percent (down 2 percent, adjusting for currency). Software segment revenues in 2012 totaled $25.4 billion, an increase of 2 percent (up 4 percent, adjusting for currency). Systems and Technology segment revenues were $17.7 billion, a decrease of 7 percent (down 6 percent, adjusting for currency); excluding Retail Store Solutions, revenues were down 5 percent (down 4 percent adjusting for currency). Global Financing segment revenues totaled $2.0 billion, a decrease of 4 percent (down 1 percent, adjusting for currency).

    ***

    The company’s total gross profit margin was 48.1 percent in 2012 compared with 46.9 percent in 2011. Overall gross profit margins improved year over year for the 9th consecutive year. Total operating (non-GAAP) gross profit margin was 48.7 percent in the 2012 period compared with 47.2 percent in the 2011 period, with increases in Services and Software.

    The weighted-average number of diluted common shares outstanding in 2012 was 1.16 billion compared with 1.21 billion shares in 2011. As of December 31, 2012, there were 1.12 billion basic common shares outstanding.

    Debt, including Global Financing, totaled $33.3 billion, compared with $31.3 billion at year-end 2011. From a management segment view, Global Financing debt totaled $24.5 billion versus $23.3 billion at year-end 2011, resulting in a debt-to-equity ratio of 7.0 to 1. Non-global financing debt totaled $8.8 billion, an increase of $0.8 billion since year-end 2011, resulting in a debt-to-capitalization ratio of 36.1 percent from 32.0 percent.

    IBM ended 2012 with $11.1 billion of cash on hand and generated free cash flow of $18.2 billion excluding Global Financing receivables, up approximately $1.6 billion year over year. The company returned $15.8 billion to shareholders through $3.8 billion in dividends and $12.0 billion of share repurchases. The company’s balance sheet remains strong and is well positioned to support the business over the long term.

    Forward-Looking and Cautionary Statements

    Except for the historical information and discussions contained herein, statements contained in this release may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are based on the company’s current assumptions regarding future business and financial performance. These statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially, including the following: a downturn in economic environment and corporate IT spending budgets; the company’s failure to meet growth and productivity objectives, a failure of the company’s innovation initiatives; risks from investing in growth opportunities; failure of the company’s intellectual property portfolio to prevent competitive offerings and the failure of the company to obtain necessary licenses; cybersecurity and data privacy considerations; fluctuations in financial results and purchases, impact of local legal, economic, political and health conditions; adverse effects from environmental matters, tax matters and the company’s pension plans; ineffective internal controls; the company’s use of accounting estimates; the company’s ability to attract and retain key personnel and its reliance on critical skills; impacts of relationships with critical suppliers and business with government clients; currency fluctuations and customer financing risks; impact of changes in market liquidity conditions and customer credit risk on receivables; reliance on third party distribution channels; the company’s ability to successfully manage acquisitions and alliances; risk factors related to IBM securities; and other risks, uncertainties and factors discussed in the company’s Form 10-Q, Form 10-K and in the company’s other filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) or in materials incorporated therein by reference. Any forward-looking statement in this release speaks only as of the date on which it is made. The company assumes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements.

    Presentation of Information in this Press Release

    In an effort to provide investors with additional information regarding the company’s results as determined by generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), the company has also disclosed in this press release the following non-GAAP information which management believes provides useful information to investors:

    IBM results and expectations –

    • presenting operating (non-GAAP) earnings per share amounts and related income statement items;
    • presenting non-global financing debt-to-capitalization ratio;
    • adjusting for free cash flow;
    • adjusting for currency (i.e., at constant currency);
    • adjusting for the divestiture of RSS.

    The rationale for management’s use of non-GAAP measures is included as part of the supplementary materials presented within the fourth-quarter earnings materials. These materials are available on the IBM investor relations Web site at www.ibm.com/investor and are being included in Attachment II (“Non-GAAP Supplementary Materials”) to the Form 8-K that includes this press release and is being submitted today to the SEC.

    Conference Call and Webcast

    IBM’s regular quarterly earnings conference call is scheduled to begin at 4:30 p.m. EST, today. The Webcast may be viewed at www.ibm.com/investor/4q12. Presentation charts will be available on the Web site shortly before the Webcast.

    Financial Results Below (certain amounts may not add due to use of rounded numbers; percentages presented are calculated from the underlying whole-dollar amounts).

    INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
    COMPARATIVE FINANCIAL RESULTS
    (Dollars in millions except per share amounts)
    Three Months Ended Twelve Months Ended
    December 31, December 31,
    Percent Percent
    2012 2011 Change 2012 2011 Change
    REVENUE
    Global Technology Services $ 10,284 $ 10,452 -1.6 % $ 40,236 $ 40,879 -1.6 %
    Gross profit margin 37.6 % 36.6 % 36.6 % 35.0 %
    Global Business Services 4,720 4,877 -3.2 % 18,566 19,284 -3.7 %
    Gross profit margin 29.9 % 29.3 % 30.0 % 28.8 %
    Software 7,915 7,648 3.5 % 25,448 24,944 2.0 %
    Gross profit margin 90.6 % 89.8 % 88.7 % 88.5 %
    System and Technology 5,763 5,803 -0.7 % 17,667 18,985 -6.9 %
    Gross profit margin 44.1 % 40.5 % 39.1 % 39.8 %
    Global Financing 535 548 -2.3 % 2,013 2,102 -4.2 %
    Gross profit margin 43.8 % 49.7 % 46.5 % 49.8 %
    Other 87 159 -45.3 % 577 722 -20.1 %
    Gross profit margin -73.2 % -11.0 % -71.6 % -54.5 %
    TOTAL REVENUE 29,304 29,486 -0.6 % 104,507 106,916 -2.3 %
    GROSS PROFIT 15,167 14,722 3.0 % 50,298 50,138 0.3 %
    Gross profit margin 51.8 % 49.9 % 48.1 % 46.9 %
    EXPENSE AND OTHER INCOME
    S,G&A 5,921 6,076 -2.6 % 23,553 23,594 -0.2 %
    Expense to revenue 20.2 % 20.6 % 22.5 % 22.1 %
    R,D&E 1,580 1,555 1.6 % 6,302 6,258 0.7 %
    Expense to revenue 5.4 % 5.3 % 6.0 % 5.9 %
    Intellectual property
    and custom development
    income (227 ) (253 ) -10.1 % (1,074 ) (1,108 ) -3.0 %
    Other (income)and expense (47 ) (44 ) 7.3 % (843 ) (20 ) NM
    Interest expense 109 113 -3.8 % 459 411 11.8 %
    TOTAL EXPENSE AND
    OTHER INCOME 7,336 7,448 -1.5 % 28,396 29,135 -2.5 %
    Expense to revenue 25.0 % 25.3 % 27.2 % 27.3 %
    INCOME BEFORE
    INCOME TAXES 7,831 7,274 7.7 % 21,902 21,003 4.3 %
    Pre-tax margin 26.7 % 24.7 % 21.0 % 19.6 %
    Provision for income taxes 1,998 1,784 12.0 % 5,298 5,148 2.9 %
    Effective tax rate 25.5 % 24.5 % 24.2 % 24.5 %
    NET INCOME $ 5,833 $ 5,490 6.3 % $ 16,604 $ 15,855 4.7 %
    Net income margin 19.9 % 18.6 % 15.9 % 14.8 %
    EARNINGS PER SHARE
    OF COMMON STOCK:
    ASSUMING DILUTION $ 5.13 $ 4.62 11.0 % $ 14.37 $ 13.06 10.0 %
    BASIC $ 5.19 $ 4.68 10.9 % $ 14.53 $ 13.25 9.7 %
    WEIGHTED-AVERAGE NUMBER
    OF COMMON SHARES OUT-
    STANDING (M’s):
    ASSUMING DILUTION 1,136.4 1,188.7 1,155.4 1,213.8
    BASIC 1,124.7 1,172.2 1,142.5 1,197.0
    NM – – Not Meaningful
    INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
    CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
    At At
    (Dollars in Millions) December 31, December 31,
    2012 2011
    ASSETS:
    Current Assets:
    Cash and cash equivalents $ 10,412 $ 11,922
    Marketable securities 717
    Notes and accounts receivable – trade
    (net of allowances of $255 in 2012 and $256 in 2011) 10,667 11,179
    Short-term financing receivables
    (net of allowances of $288 in 2012 and $311 in 2011) 18,038 16,901
    Other accounts receivable
    (net of allowances of $17 in 2012 and $11 in 2011) 1,873 1,481
    Inventories, at lower of average cost or market:
    Finished goods 475 589
    Work in process and raw materials 1,812 2,007
    Total inventories 2,287 2,595
    Deferred taxes 1,415 1,601
    Prepaid expenses and other current assets 4,024 5,249
    Total Current Assets 49,433 50,928
    Property, plant and equipment 40,501 40,124
    Less: Accumulated depreciation 26,505 26,241
    Property, plant and equipment – net 13,996 13,883
    Long-term financing receivables
    (net of allowances of $66 in 2012 and $38 in 2011) 12,812 10,776
    Prepaid pension assets 945 2,843
    Deferred taxes 3,973 3,503
    Goodwill 29,247 26,213
    Intangible assets – net 3,787 3,392
    Investments and sundry assets 5,021 4,895
    Total Assets $ 119,213 $ 116,433
    LIABILITIES:
    Current Liabilities:
    Taxes $ 4,948 $ 3,313
    Short-term debt 9,181 8,463
    Accounts payable 7,952 8,517
    Compensation and benefits 4,745 5,099
    Deferred income 11,952 12,197
    Other accrued expenses and liabilities 4,847 4,535
    Total Current Liabilities 43,625 42,123
    Long-term debt 24,088 22,857
    Retirement and nonpension postretirement
    benefit obligations 20,418 18,374
    Deferred income 4,491 3,847
    Other liabilities 7,607 8,996
    Total Liabilities 100,229 96,197
    EQUITY:
    IBM Stockholders’ Equity:
    Common stock 50,110 48,129
    Retained earnings 117,641 104,857
    Treasury stock — at cost (123,131 ) (110,963 )
    Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) (25,759 ) (21,885 )
    Total IBM stockholders’ equity 18,860 20,138
    Noncontrolling interests 124 97
    Total Equity 18,984 20,236
    Total Liabilities and Equity $ 119,213 $ 116,433
    INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
    CASH FLOW ANALYSIS
    Three Months Ended Twelve Months Ended
    (Dollars in Millions) December 31, December 31,
    2012 2011 2012 2011
    Net Cash from Operating Activities per GAAP: $ 6,346 $ 7,097 $ 19,586 $ 19,846
    Less: the change in Global Financing (GF)
    Receivables (4,151 ) (2,927 ) (2,906 ) (817 )
    Net Cash from Operating Activities
    (Excluding GF Receivables) 10,497 10,024 22,492 20,663
    Capital Expenditures, Net (981 ) (1,059 ) (4,307 ) (4,059 )
    Free Cash Flow
    (Excluding GF Receivables) 9,515 8,965 18,185 16,604
    Acquisitions (1,455 ) (1,588 ) (3,722 ) (1,811 )
    Divestitures 13 10 599 14
    Dividends (957 ) (880 ) (3,773 ) (3,473 )
    Share Repurchase (3,006 ) (3,581 ) (11,995 ) (15,046 )
    Non-GF Debt (1,571 ) 599 713 1,692
    Other (includes GF Receivables, and
    GF Debt) (3,664 ) (2,906 ) (802 ) 2,291
    Change in Cash, Cash Equivalents and
    Short-term Marketable Securities ($1,125 ) $ 619 ($794 ) $ 271
    INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
    SEGMENT DATA
    FOURTH-QUARTER 2012
    (Dollars in Millions) Pre-tax
    Revenue Income/ Pre-tax
    External Internal Total (Loss) Margin
    SEGMENTS
    Global Technology Services $ 10,284 $ 297 $ 10,581 $ 2,027 19.2 %
    Y-T-Y change -1.6 % -0.6 % -1.6 % 5.0 %
    Global Business Services 4,720 181 4,901 841 17.2 %
    Y-T-Y change -3.2 % -5.9 % -3.3 % 0.1 %
    Software 7,915 815 8,730 4,017 46.0 %
    Y-T-Y change 3.5 % -4.2 % 2.7 % 8.3 %
    Systems and Technology 5,763 186 5,949 974 16.4 %
    Y-T-Y change -0.7 % 0.0 % -0.7 % 23.2 %
    Global Financing 535 568 1,103 518 46.9 %
    Y-T-Y change -2.3 % -0.1 % -1.2 % 0.7 %
    TOTAL REPORTABLE SEGMENTS $ 29,217 $ 2,048 $ 31,265 $ 8,377 26.8 %
    Y-T-Y change -0.4 % -2.4 % -0.5 % 7.6 %
    Eliminations / Other 87 (2,048 ) (1,961 ) (546 )
    TOTAL IBM CONSOLIDATED $ 29,304 $ 0 $ 29,304 $ 7,831 26.7 %
    Y-T-Y change -0.6 % -0.6 % 7.7 %
      FOURTH-QUARTER 2011
    (Dollars in Millions) Pre-tax
    Revenue Income/ Pre-tax
    External Internal Total (Loss) Margin
    SEGMENTS
    Global Technology Services $ 10,452 $ 299 $ 10,751 $ 1,930 18.0 %
    Global Business Services 4,877 193 5,069 841 16.6 %
    Software 7,648 851 8,499 3,710 43.7 %
    Systems and Technology 5,803 186 5,989 790 13.2 %
    Global Financing 548 569 1,116 514 46.1 %
    TOTAL REPORTABLE SEGMENTS $ 29,328 $ 2,098 $ 31,425 $ 7,786 24.8 %
    Eliminations / Other 159 (2,098 ) (1,939 ) (512 )
    TOTAL IBM CONSOLIDATED $ 29,486 $ 0 $ 29,486 $ 7,274 24.7 %
    INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
    SEGMENT DATA
    TWELVE-MONTHS 2012
    (Dollars in Millions) Pre-tax
    Revenue Income/ Pre-tax
    External Internal Total (Loss) Margin
    SEGMENTS
    Global Technology Services $ 40,236 $ 1,166 $ 41,402 $ 6,961 16.8 %
    Y-T-Y change -1.6 % -6.2 % -1.7 % 10.8 %
    Global Business Services 18,566 719 19,286 2,983 15.5 %
    Y-T-Y change -3.7 % -9.7 % -4.0 % -0.8 %
    Software 25,448 3,274 28,722 10,810 37.6 %
    Y-T-Y change 2.0 % -0.1 % 1.8 % 8.4 %
    Systems and Technology 17,667 676 18,343 1,227 6.7 %
    Y-T-Y change -6.9 % -19.3 % -7.5 % -24.9 %
    Global Financing 2,013 2,060 4,073 2,034 49.9 %
    Y-T-Y change -4.2 % -1.6 % -2.9 % 1.1 %
    TOTAL REPORTABLE SEGMENTS $ 103,930 $ 7,896 $ 111,826 $ 24,015 21.5 %
    Y-T-Y change -2.1 % -4.3 % -2.3 % 4.8 %
    Eliminations / Other 577 (7,896 ) (7,319 ) (2,113 )
    TOTAL IBM CONSOLIDATED $ 104,507 $ 0 $ 104,507 $ 21,902 21.0 %
    Y-T-Y change -2.3 % -2.3 % 4.3 %
    TWELVE-MONTHS 2011
    (Dollars in Millions) Pre-tax
    Revenue Income/ Pre-tax
    External Internal Total (Loss) Margin
    SEGMENTS
    Global Technology Services $ 40,879 $ 1,242 $ 42,121 $ 6,284 14.9 %
    Global Business Services 19,284 797 20,081 3,006 15.0 %
    Software 24,944 3,276 28,219 9,970 35.3 %
    Systems and Technology 18,985 838 19,823 1,633 8.2 %
    Global Financing 2,102 2,092 4,195 2,011 47.9 %
    TOTAL REPORTABLE SEGMENTS $ 106,194 $ 8,246 $ 114,440 $ 22,904 20.0 %
    Eliminations / Other 722 (8,246 ) (7,524 ) (1,901 )
    TOTAL IBM CONSOLIDATED $ 106,916 $ 0 $ 106,916 $ 21,003 19.6 %
    INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
    U.S. GAAP TO OPERATING RESULTS RECONCILIATION
    (Dollars in millions except per share amounts)
    FOURTH-QUARTER 2012
    Acquisition- Retirement-
    Related Related Operating
    GAAP Adjustments* Adjustments** (Non-GAAP)
    Gross Profit $ 15,167 $ 100 $ 60 $ 15,327
    Gross Profit Margin 51.8 % 0.3Pts 0.2Pts 52.3 %
    S,G&A 5,921 (91 ) (29 ) 5,801
    R,D&E 1,580 0 6 1,586
    Other (Income) & Expense (47 ) (7 ) 0 (54 )
    Total Expense & Other (Income) 7,336 (98 ) (23 ) 7,215
    Pre-Tax Income 7,831 198 83 8,112
    Pre-Tax Income Margin 26.7 % 0.7Pts 0.3Pts 27.7 %
    Provision for Income Taxes*** 1,998 (45 ) 30 1,983
    Effective Tax Rate 25.5 % -1.2Pts 0.1Pts 24.4 %
    Net Income 5,833 243 53 6,129
    Net Income Margin 19.9 % 0.8Pts 0.2Pts 20.9 %
    Diluted Earnings Per Share $ 5.13 $ 0.21 $ 0.05 $ 5.39
    FOURTH-QUARTER 2011
    Acquisition- Retirement-
    Related Related Operating
    GAAP Adjustments* Adjustments** (Non-GAAP)
    Gross Profit $ 14,722 $ 81 ($10 ) $ 14,793
    Gross Profit Margin 49.9 % 0.3Pts -0.0Pts 50.2 %
    S,G&A 6,076 (82 ) 2 5,996
    R,D&E 1,555 0 23 1,578
    Other (Income) & Expense (44 ) (2 ) 0 (46 )
    Total Expense & Other (Income) 7,448 (85 ) 25 7,388
    Pre-Tax Income 7,274 166 (35 ) 7,405
    Pre-Tax Income Margin 24.7 % 0.6Pts -0.1Pts 25.1 %
    Provision for Income Taxes*** 1,784 47 (24 ) 1,808
    Effective Tax Rate 24.5 % 0.1Pts -0.2Pts 24.4 %
    Net Income 5,490 119 (12 ) 5,597
    Net Income Margin 18.6 % 0.4Pts -0.0Pts 19.0 %
    Diluted Earnings Per Share $ 4.62 $ 0.10 ($0.01 ) $ 4.71
    * Includes amortization of acquired intangible assets and other acquisition-related charges.
    ** Includes retirement-related items driven by changes to plan assets and liabilities primarily related to market performance.
    *** Tax impact on operating (non-GAAP) pre-tax income is calculated under the same accounting principles applied to the GAAP pre-tax income which employs an annual effective tax rate method to the results.
    INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
    U.S. GAAP TO OPERATING RESULTS RECONCILIATION
    (Dollars in millions except per share amounts)
    TWELVE-MONTHS 2012
    Acquisition- Retirement-
    Related Related Operating
    GAAP Adjustments* Adjustments** (Non-GAAP)
    Gross Profit $ 50,298 $ 376 $ 264 $ 50,938
    Gross Profit Margin 48.1 % 0.4Pts 0.3Pts 48.7 %
    S,G&A 23,553 (349 ) (294 ) 22,910
    R,D&E 6,302 0 20 6,322
    Other (Income) & Expense (843 ) (13 ) 0 (857 )
    Total Expense & Other (Income) 28,396 (363 ) (274 ) 27,760
    Pre-Tax Income 21,902 739 538 23,179
    Pre-Tax Income Margin 21.0 % 0.7Pts 0.5Pts 22.2 %
    Provision for Income Taxes*** 5,298 98 156 5,552
    Effective Tax Rate 24.2 % -0.4Pts 0.1Pts 24.0 %
    Net Income 16,604 641 381 17,627
    Net Income Margin 15.9 % 0.6Pts 0.4Pts 16.9 %
    Diluted Earnings Per Share $ 14.37 $ 0.55 $ 0.33 $ 15.25
    TWELVE-MONTHS 2011
    Acquisition- Retirement-
    Related Related Operating
    GAAP Adjustments* Adjustments** (Non-GAAP)
    Gross Profit $ 50,138 $ 341 $ 2 $ 50,481
    Gross Profit Margin 46.9 % 0.3Pts 0.0Pts 47.2 %
    S,G&A 23,594 (309 ) (13 ) 23,272
    R,D&E 6,258 0 88 6,345
    Other (Income) & Expense (20 ) (25 ) 0 (45 )
    Total Expense & Other (Income) 29,135 (334 ) 74 28,875
    Pre-Tax Income 21,003 675 (72 ) 21,605
    Pre-Tax Income Margin 19.6 % 0.6Pts -0.1Pts 20.2 %
    Provision for Income Taxes*** 5,148 179 (40 ) 5,287
    Effective Tax Rate 24.5 % 0.1Pts -0.1Pts 24.5 %
    Net Income 15,855 495 (32 ) 16,318
    Net Income Margin 14.8 % 0.5Pts -0.0Pts 15.3 %
    Diluted Earnings Per Share $ 13.06 $ 0.41 ($0.03 ) $ 13.44

    * Includes amortization of acquired intangible assets and other acquisition-related charges.
    ** Includes retirement-related items driven by changes to plan assets and liabilities primarily related to market performance.
    *** Tax impact on operating (non-GAAP) pre-tax income is calculated under the same accounting principles applied to the GAAP pre-tax income which employs an annual effective tax rate method to the results.

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