Google has confirmed it is dealing with two separate issues with its search, one impacting mobile indexing and the other canonicalization.
Around September 23, website operators began noticing a change in how sites were being ranked by Google. Originally this was chalked up to a search engine algorithm.
Google has acknowledged both issues. In the case of the mobile indexing bug, it can result in no page being indexed. The canonicalization could result in a page not being indexed, or the wrong URL being associated with a page.
Google is working to resolve the issues as quickly as possible. Site owners will not need to do anything, simply wait for Google to fix the issue.