Bluesky, the decentralized challenger to dominant social networks, unveiled its inaugural transparency report on January 29, 2026, laying bare a year of explosive growth shadowed by surging user complaints and government scrutiny. Users swelled nearly 60% to 41.41 million in 2025, encompassing accounts on its core infrastructure and thousands on independent Personal Data Servers via the AT Protocol, as detailed in the platform’s official blog post (Bluesky Blog). This expansion fueled 1.41 billion posts, 61% of the network’s historical total, with 235 million featuring media—a 62% share of all such content ever posted.

The report underscores Bluesky’s hybrid moderation strategy, blending automated detection with human oversight operating 24/7 across specialized teams. Proactive measures, including real-time spam rules and third-party scanning via Hive for images and videos, flagged 2.54 million potential violations. Yet, challenges mounted as user-submitted reports climbed 54% to 9.97 million from 6.48 million in 2024, per the prior year’s data (Bluesky 2024 Moderation Report). About 1.24 million users—3% of the base—filed these, with reports per 1,000 monthly active users dropping 50.9% over the year thanks to targeted interventions.

Report Categories Reveal User Pain Points

Misleading content topped the list at 4.36 million reports (43.73%), dominated by 2.49 million spam cases including 62,770 bot accounts and 14,680 impersonations. Harassment followed with 1.99 million (19.93%), encompassing 55,400 hate speech incidents, 42,520 targeted attacks, 29,480 trolling episodes, and 3,170 doxxings. Sexual content drew 1.35 million flags (13.54%), largely for unlabeled adult material—83,270 in just six weeks after a November 2025 reporting option—plus 7,520 non-consensual images, 6,120 abuse cases, and over 2,000 deepfakes. Violence (24,670), child safety (25,500), site rule breaks (16,700), and self-harm (5,500) rounded out smaller but critical slices, as covered in TechCrunch.

Product-specific gripes emerged too: 134,951 on direct messages (48% spam/scams), 119,344 on lists, and others on profiles, feeds, and starter packs. Bluesky credits a 79% plunge in daily anti-social behavior reports to features like hiding toxic replies behind an extra click, introduced in October 2025, and auto-labeling problematic lists.

Enforcement Actions Scale with Activity Boom

The platform applied 16.49 million labels—a 200% jump from 5.5 million in 2024—with 95% automated. Adult content led at 10.79 million, followed by suggestive (3.42 million), spam (761,770), and nudity (389,440). Human input focused on nuanced calls like rude (295,380, all manual) and intolerant (60,200, all manual). Takedowns totaled 2.44 million items, up sharply from 66,308 accounts and 35,842 automated removals in 2024, including 14,659 permanent bans for evasion and 3,192 temporary suspensions.

Influence operations drew special attention: Bluesky dismantled 3,619 suspected accounts, predominantly Russian state-aligned, using behavioral heuristics amid rising impersonation and generative media threats. Child safety efforts yielded 5,238 NCMEC reports from 12,647 flags, removing 6,502 posts—less than 0.001% of total output—via hash-matching and Thorn’s Safer tool.

Legal and Regulatory Pressures Intensify

Government demands skyrocketed fivefold to 1,470 from 238, with 90.7% compliance on valid requests (1,334 total), mainly from Germany, the U.S., and Japan. Copyright/trademark cases rose 65% to 1,546, prompting September 2025 policy updates for DMCA and DSA alignment. Age assurance marked a milestone, verifying 364,960 accounts across the UK (274,163 since July), U.S. (52,924), and Australia (37,873 since December) using Epic’s Kids Web Services, navigating jurisdiction-specific rules while prioritizing privacy.

Verification advanced with 4,327 badges issued, including 777 by 21 Trusted Verifiers like Wired, CNN, and the European Commission. Appeals hit 267,509 (<1% of users), all human-reviewed, signaling demand for in-app tools.

Decentralized Roots Shape Unique Path

Unlike centralized rivals, Bluesky’s AT Protocol enables federated moderation, empowering users and third parties. Its 2025 Community Guidelines overhaul—after six months of feedback—organizes rules into Safety First, Respect Others, Be Authentic, and Follow the Rules, linked to 39 reporting options and a four-tier strike system for proportionality. November 2025 updates expanded reporting from six categories, streamlining enforcement.

Team scaling supports this: roughly 100 moderators (from 2024 reports), with 25 full-time staff and contractors handling a remote, global operation, as noted in SociallyIn. Psychological counseling aids exposure to graphic content. X posts from TechCrunch and Mediagazer amplified the report’s release, highlighting the 60% growth and report surge.

Path Forward Amid Growing Pains

Bluesky’s roadmap eyes core safety enhancements, adult label accuracy, self-labeling incentives, and ecosystem label revisions for third-party services. Reports per user declined amid U.S. election influxes and bot crackdowns, affirming proactive design’s efficacy. As legal scrutiny mounts—echoing prior EU DSA probes—the platform balances user agency with compliance, positioning its protocol for broader adoption in a fragmented social sphere.