Twitter recently released a product called "Sign in with Twitter," which is bascially the social network's answer to Facebook Connect, Google Friend Connect, etc.
Sign in with Twitter is based on OAuth and lets users sign in to third-party sites using their Twitter accounts, much like Facebook Connect does with your Facebook account. Presumably you can now Tweet a link to an article without leaving the article page if it's on a site that has sign in with Twitter enabled.
"Unlike Facebook Connect, however, Sign In with Twitter doesn’t let webmasters pull as much social context into the third party site - in some ways because that social context is quite different on Twitter in the first place," says Justin Smith at InsideFacebook. "First, the social graph on Facebook (which employs a bidirectional “friend” model) is different than the social graph on Twitter (which employs a unidirectional “subscription” structure). Though connections do somewhat overlap, the nature of the relationships on each is often different."
Twitter provides this flowchart to illustrate how Sign in with Twitter works:

Twitter Web Comic
Very nice article.
Here's my latest Twitter web comic: http://bit.ly/VAc15